There’s no doubt about it: The credit scoring system we use in the United States is complicated. What’s more, there are plenty of critics who claim that it’s downright unfair.
While it’s true that our credit reporting procedures could probably use some reforms, there are ways to get past common credit gripes. Take a look at the 5 listed below, plus our tips for working within the system we’ve got.
1. You have to get into debt to build credit
People who prefer to pay cash often complain that there’s no way to build credit without getting into debt. This comes from a kernel of truth: You do have to use credit to create a credit history.
But this doesn’t necessarily mean you have to take on debt. For example, if you use a credit card regularly and pay your balance in full every month, you’re building credit, but not getting into debt. Consider this option as an alternative to taking out a loan that you don’t really want or need.
2. Every little mistake is used against me
If your lenders are reporting your payment information to the three major credit bureaus (which most do) you might feel like they’re tattling on you for every little mistake you make. It’s true that foul-ups like missed payments, taking on too much debt and submitting too many credit applications will get back to the credit bureaus and affect your score.
But it’s important to remember that many of these mistakes can be avoided. For example, setting up text and email alerts so that you know when your bills are due or if your credit card balance is getting too high will go a long way toward preventing a gaffe.
And even if something does go wrong, a money misstep won’t stay on your credit report forever. Most negative marks drop off after seven years; if you’re making smart credit moves in that time, your score will recover. In short, there are lots of opportunities to avoid most mistakes and bounce back from the ones you can’t.
3. My savings isn’t factored into my score
Many people are frustrated to learn that some of their good financial habits (like saving) aren’t incorporated into their credit scores. If you excel in this area, feeling a little slighted is normal.
Remember, though, that the purpose of the credit scoring system is to assess borrower risk. Lenders want to know how likely it is that you’ll repay money they’ve credited you, not how likely it is that you’ll save.
Look at working on your credit score as an opportunity to highlight another side of your financial responsibility. Again, pay special attention to paying your bills on time and staying out of credit card debt – these two habits alone will help your score sparkle.
4. Credit reports are full of errors
Although lenders and the three major credit bureaus make efforts to create an accurate report of your credit-related behaviors, mistakes do happen. In fact, a 2013 study by the Federal Trade Commission found that 1 in 5 Americans has an error on at least one of their three credit reports.
The best way to cope with this gripe is to review your credit reports carefully at least once per year and take steps to correct mistakes if you find them. And the good news is that getting an error fixed is expected to get easier soon, due to new rules set out by the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau.
5. It’s not clear how my score is determined
Historically, the credit reporting agencies were secretive about how your credit score was determined. While some information is still proprietary, we have a much clearer picture these days of what determines our credit scores:
- Payment history – 35%
- Amounts owed – 30%
- Length of credit history – 15%
- Mix of accounts – 10%
- New credit inquires – 10%
Again, the two most powerful things you can do for your credit score are paying your bills on time and staying out of credit card debt. But if you want to know more about your credit report and credit score, the Nerds have lots of great resources. Be sure to check them out!
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